They included lifting the previous ban on religious observances, permission for Albanians to travel abroad and the introduction of some modest incentives in the country's state-controlled economy.

The videotapes demonstrated that this modest incentive created fierce competition, with people wedging into narrow passages, climbing over seat tops and crawling over each other.

The company's new Pacifica, a sort of fancy station wagon, starts at about $35,000, but has already required the introduction of modest incentives.

Perhaps a modest financial incentive for donating one's remains to medical research will inspire more people to do it.

Economists said the tax relief would provide a much-needed, if modest, incentive to consumers and small businesses to start spending.

In some contexts it may be appropriate to educate a population on the importance of response, to administer the questionnaire to a 'captive group' or to offer modest incentives.

"Now with the endorsement of the State Supreme Court, we can continue to use modest financial incentives as an economic development tool."

As a result of the modest incentives and continued cost cuts, pretax profits in North America only slipped to $656 million from $760 million a year earlier.

There is also a modest, positive incentive to leave this year.

That squares with mainstream theory, which argues that for a modest incentive, people are willing to save and put off spending.