In his exchange with Nastasya he reveals himself an underground man who has wandered into a nineteenth-century naturalistic novel, a bohemian Hamlet.
Although they are acknowledged to be their country's first female Indian playwrights, their own lives read more like the gritty plots of naturalistic novels.
But Marta's reaction is only partly similar to that of the typical characters of the naturalistic novel.
La Course de la mort (1888) marks a turning-point in his career: in it he forsook the so-called naturalistic novel for the analysis of moral motives.
Even in Murakami's Norwegian Wood, a purely naturalistic novel, the hero speaks of being "tossed" into a "labyrinth" to describe his impossible situation.
He engaged in the production, at first, of naturalistic novels dealing with the life of the population along the river Rhine, later, of humorous satires.
The naturalistic novel, first published in a daily newspaper (1888-1889), instantly established Couperus as a household name in the Netherlands.
He is noted for establishing the Japanese literary genre of naturalistic I novels which revolve around the detailed self-examinations of an introspective author.
Kurt Tucholsky wrote, "The career of an average German lawyer is portrayed through the means of an early naturalistic novel."
Crane's Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893), is one of the best, if not the earliest, naturalistic American novel.