That means that, in the observation made at a given moment, traces of past observations are also present.

These correlations can be expected to change when new policies are introduced, invalidating predictions based on past observations.

Unless the cases be exactly similar, they repose no perfect confidence in applying their past observation to any particular phenomenon.

Very simply, we scientists are spending our effort examining more plausible explanations that are consistent with past observations.

It does not rely on historical data and does not expect past observations to be still valid in the future.

This step allows the algorithm to take into account any past observations of output for computing more accurate results.

I looked at Zann, and saw that he was past conscious observation.

This is a Markov strategy because it does not depend on a history of past observations.

Fundamentally, past observations can never prove the validity of truly innovative designs.

Alternatively, the scenarios can be obtained from a record of past observations, in which case we can see them as being "sampled by nature".