Each was aimed at determining the effectiveness of using firefighters to perform many of these same advanced medical skills in the pre-hospital setting in the civilian world.

A specialist nurse or specialist paramedic who works in the pre-hospital setting dealing with a wide range of medical or emergency problems.

The kits may be stocked in hospital emergency departments and operating suites, as well as ambulances and other selected pre-hospital settings.

Some argue that tourniquets should never be used in the pre-hospital setting, not even for amputations.

BLS is generally used in the pre-hospital setting, and can be provided without medical equipment.

Since this time a concerted effort has been undertaken to improve emergency medical care in the pre-hospital setting.

Survival in such cases is greatly enhanced by shortening the wait for key interventions, and in recent years some of this specialized equipment has spread to pre-hospital settings.

In 1979 a group of 16 ambulance attendants were given specialized training to treat cardiac related problems in the pre-hospital setting.

The New Zealand system functions on the Anglo-American model of care, with most care in the pre-hospital setting being conducted by paramedics.

Paramedics are able to treat patients in the pre-hospital setting, and can transport them to a hospital-based emergency department if deemed necessary.