One dot is Osama bin Laden's fervent efforts to obtain bio-weapons, reflected in the lab he was building near Kandahar, Afghanistan, to produce anthrax.

"I'm able to produce anthrax in my bathroom," said Niklas Ergandt, 25, a Swede.

Corporate managers hope to begin producing anthrax this year, but that depends on the outcome of a third F.D.A. inspection, which has not yet been scheduled.

Similarly troubling questions were asked about who was able to produce such high-grade anthrax.

The defector said mobile laboratories had been used to produce anthrax, botulism and staphylococcus.

An abandoned, partially constructed laboratory was found near Kandahar; U.S. officials believe it was meant to produce anthrax.

According to a confidential assessment by the United States Central Command, the laboratory was intended to produce anthrax.

But the evidence, which included documents, indicated that Al Qaeda was interested in producing anthrax.

In a time of war, the assembly line could be used to produce weaponized anthrax.

Experts judge Mr. Tobiason's recipes as flawed in spots and at best capable of producing only low-quality anthrax.