Raizen pioneered a totally new approach to producing ultra-cold atoms by coherent slowing of supersonic beams.
In 1994, work with Lene Hau and team produced a device called "the candlestick", designed to produce atoms at large emission rates under high vacuum conditions, whilst retaining a stable operation.
One of the most interesting features of the system is that it rips electrons away from an atom's inner electron shells, producing hollow atoms.
The heavy elements continued to fuse at an unnatural rate, producing atoms of sodium and magnesium, silicon, nickel, and so on, until the star began to fill with pure, elemental iron.
As the uranium reacts its radioactivity produces unstable atoms.
Ununpentium is produced several atoms at a time in particle accelerators.
We may enlarge our conceptions beyond all imaginable space; we only produce atoms in comparison with the reality of things.
It is a type of emission spectroscopy that uses the inductively coupled plasma to produce excited atoms and ions that emit electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths characteristic of a particular element.
Ordinary lasers produce coherent particles of light - photons - while atom lasers produce atoms that behave collectively as if they were a single wave.
The 1972 upgrade of the HILAC to the superHILAC provided higher intensity ion beams, which was crucial to producing enough new atoms to enable detection of element 106.