It is a matter of dispute on what ground the temporal rulers claimed these revenues.

Over the years, many European rulers claimed to be the rightful heirs to one of these claims.

The rulers would also claim a large portion of the bride's wealth, which at the time was 100 camels.

"Maybe some new ruler has claimed that title now."

Many local rulers in Islamic countries have claimed to be caliphs.

Eventually the rulers and people of the March became autonomous and claimed independence.

Portuguese rulers of the colony then claimed the ship along with all its contents, including the palace.

Japan's post-1868 rulers utilized this nationalistic focus and claimed throughout to exercise power in the name of the emperor.

Times of divided rule require some rationalization after the fact to establish which ruler can claim truly to have the Mandate.

Thus, for the first time in Islamic history, no ruler claimed spiritual leadership of Islam.