The optimal situation is to have all samples providing identical counts.

The statement says: "This is therefore far too small a sample to provide a robust statistical analysis."

A sample provides information about a small group within a much larger group.

Obtaining samples from additional locations may provide more specific information on the source of the contamination.

The samples provide data for the state, which lacks resources to conduct a survey of the ant population.

That one sample doesn't provide any answers, it only raises questions.

Such samples can provide not only investigative information, but, can also later be used as evidence in criminal trials.

These conditions give rise to exclusion bias, placing limits on how much information a sample can provide about the population.

"Although samples may provide short-term economic benefit for some patients," the authors write, "their primary purpose is to market new and expensive drugs."

In less obvious cases, a "critical sample" may provide the diagnosis.