China is also the world's second-largest publisher of scientific papers, producing 121,500 in 2010 alone, including 5,200 in leading international scientific journals.
The deal would create the world's second-largest publisher by bringing Macmillan together with Simon & Schuster.
It is the second-largest publisher of local newspapers in the UK.
There were also suggestions in the news media that Hodder Headline, Britain's second-largest independent publisher, or an American media conglomerate like Paramount might be involved.
The deal would create the second-largest publisher in the world.
Analysts had expected that Harcourt, the nation's second-largest publisher, would get about $1.5 billion for the properties.
The company is the second-largest publisher of video games in the United States, and employs about 1,000 people.
UL Press is the largest academic publisher of Louisiana-related works and the second-largest academic publisher overall in the state.
The second-largest publisher, Shogakukan, has done relatively better.
It is owned by Newsquest, the second-largest publisher of regional and local newspapers in the United Kingdom.