However, once in power his ideas often clashed with those of modernist or secular Iranian intellectuals.

He was also a strongly secular intellectual who has attacked religious fundamentalism in his society.

The seminary is also frequently at the center of debate among religious and secular intellectuals on issues ranging from politics, religion, science and culture.

Westernized secular intellectuals remain significant in the Muslim world, but it is not too much to say that their day passed several decades ago.

This position drew the ire of many secular Turkish intellectuals.

Among Christians, this is generally a private review; secular intellectuals have, on occasion, published autocritiques for public consumption.

Among secular intellectuals, particularly Marxists, the term autocritique, borrowed from the French, is used.

Terrorist attacks have spread to secular intellectuals and opposition politicians.

These views have triggered an intense debate among secular intellectuals.

He was "happy" with this, and "was preparing for a career as an entirely secular intellectual."