The birds nest on sub-Antarctic islands, with mating partners taking turns making long expeditions to eat while the other incubates the egg.

During the following months, Antarctic's sealing activities around the sub-Antarctic islands were successful, but whales proved difficult to find.

Terrestrial vertebrates are limited to sub-antarctic islands, and even then they are limited in number.

Most terrestrial invertebrates are restricted to the sub-Antarctic islands.

The first fungi identified from the sub-antarctic islands was Peziza kerguelensis, which was described in 1847.

Larger species are restricted to the sub-antarctic islands and the Antarctic Peninsula.

In the winter, it ranges north to the sub-Antarctic islands.

This sub-Antarctic island has huge breeding colonies of seals, penguins and albatrosses.

Expedition ships may visit some sub-Antarctic islands and other more out-of-the-way places.

This subspecies is found in the sub-Antarctic islands of New Zealand.