The S3 were originally planned to be replaced around 2005 by a land-based version of the M5, the submarine missile planned at the time.

After setting aside 2,000 of those for land-based ballistic missiles under the pre-emptive theory, we would have only 2,900 left for submarine missiles.

This means dismissing "down-loading," the unverifiable Soviet promise to load only two warheads on submarine ballistic missiles already proven capable of holding seven.

At the end of the first hour, the Americans would realize that the usefulness of their submarine missiles was greatly degraded.

More recently, memory metals have been used in connectors in hydraulic submarine missiles and on cable connectors in various military aircraft.

The United States holds an advantage in submarine missiles.

You may expect that all of the American land-based missiles are fully on alert, as are all their submarine missiles at sea.

The United States has rebuffed Soviet suggestions that it sharply curtail its force of submarine missiles.

By proposing very deep cuts in submarine missiles, an area of strong American advantage, the Russians appeared to be turning the tables on the Americans.

This class of submarines was developed at the Rubin Design Bureau in 1975 and is considered one of the most successful Soviet submarine missile carrier designs.