This type of lithography is also used to apply three dimensional surface topographies to computer chips.

Jess mapped the surface topography of the comet to understand the material structure.

The van der Waals force of adhesion is also dependent on the surface topography.

Beyond the effects of convectively driven motion, deep processes have other influences on the surface topography.

This means deliberately changing a body's atmosphere, temperature, surface topography or ecology to be similar to the biosphere of Earth, so that humans can live there.

The difference between the ocean surface and the actual geoid gives ocean surface topography.

This results in similar surface topography, including cirques and U-shaped glacial valleys.

These lateral coordinates, together with the corresponding vertical coordinates, describe the surface topography of the object.

A sinkhole is localized depression in the surface topography, usually caused by the collapse of a subterranean structure, such as a cave.

The water table is the upper level of the roundwater zone, and slopes in rough conformity with the surface topography.