However, this varies from manufacturer to manufacturer and also between tape formulations from the same manufacturer.
On some of the better decks, the listener can adjust the bias for an optimal match to a particular tape formulation.
The sound is thus recorded at a higher overall level on the tape relative to the tape's overall noise level, requiring the tape formulation to preserve this specially recorded signal without distortion.
One was slated to indicate the tape formulation as higher coercivity tapes were to be introduced for the 'Super 2000' hi-band version of the format.
M was succeeded in 1986 by the MII format developed by Panasonic, using a similar-sized cassette with completely different signal processing and a metal-particle tape formulation.
Other factors affecting quality include track width, tape formulation, and backing material and thickness.
Different tape formulation and noise reduction schemes artificially boosted or cut high frequencies and inadvertently elevated noise levels.
Dolby B was designed to address the high-frequency noise inherent in cassette tapes, and along with improvements in tape formulation it helped the cassette win acceptances as a high-fidelity medium.
These tape formulations are not directly compatible with any analog open-reel tape recorder.
Ampex tape recorders in the 1950s achieved 60 dB in practical usage, though tape formulations such as Scotch 111 boasted 68 dB dynamic range.