Two primary antibodies raised in different species recognize the target antigen or antigens of interest.

Idiotopes are aggregated into idiotypes specific of their target antigen.

The primary antibody seeks out and binds to the target antigen.

The lesser the specificity of the antibody, the greater the chance of visualizing something other than the target antigen.

These steps may make the difference between the target antigens staining or not staining.

There are several methods available for mapping antibody epitopes on target antigens :

Epitope mapping identifies the sites of antibodies to which their target antigens bind.

It is a target antigen that leads to autoimmune-mediated demyelation.

In this theory, target antigens mark the body for antibodies to attack.

Anti-thyroid antibodies can be subdivided into groups according to their target antigen.