He collaborated with Professor Laura Pellegrini and Engineer Giorgio Soave on the improvement of thermodynamic models for vapor-liquid equilibrium prediction and energy saving in chemical industries.

Max Margules introduced in 1895 a simple thermodynamic model for the excess Gibbs free energy of a liquid mixture.

Conversely, structure prediction algorithms can be improved from thermodynamic and kinetic models and the sampling aspects of protein folding simulations.

Recent work has cast some doubt on the heat death hypothesis and the applicability of any simple thermodynamic model to the universe in general.

Dayhoff worked side by side with Lippincott and Carl Sagan on thermodynamic models of cosmo-chemical systems, including prebiological planetary atmospheres.

Deriving a theoretically exact mass/luminosity relation requires finding the energy generation equation and building a thermodynamic model of the inside of a star.

The thermodynamic model was able to develop for the first time design maps combining geometrical and operational parameters, showing that there is always an optimum gun length and charging pressure which maximize the neutron emission.

Models can have different levels of detail, for example one can incorporate simple mass or compound conservation balances, or more advanced thermodynamic models including energy conservation laws.

This is done either through simple, faster heuristic methods such as sequence symmetry minimization, or by using a full nearest-neighbor thermodynamic model, which is more accurate but slower and more computationally intensive.

The simplest derivation of electrowetting behavior is given by considering its thermodynamic model.