This alternative design may be based on management needs, a sort of top-down approach.

This has been called the top-down approach to treatment.

Certainly the top-down approach we are now employing has rarely worked in the past.

The top-down approach is failing because our democracies have failed.

The top-down approach is the most common by far.

In a less restrictive system such a top-down approach would not be feasible.

A top-down approach helps to overcome both of these limitations.

A top-down and bottom-up approach have to meet each other.

Consequently, a top-down approach is never likely to achieve immediate results.

"I know the old top-down approach won't work any more," he said.