The sanctions, the largest trade retaliation in American history, go into effect at midnight Wednesday.

Philippine officials said today that they did not expect to bring any diplomatic or trade retaliation against Singapore.

And until now, trade retaliation has rarely been a weapon used to protect American investors abroad.

Recent moves to make it easier to sell American products have warded off possible trade retaliation.

Under threat of trade retaliation, the EC has extended it.

Many fear a painful separation that could result in trade retaliation by English Canada.

Because of its size and growth, Toyota has felt particularly vulnerable to any possible trade retaliation.

It was the first American trade retaliation against Japan in the postwar era.

Both bills would reduce Presidential flexibility in weighing trade retaliation.