Ten years ago, the mixed model was extended with the incorporation of transmission probabilities, which allows the formal testing of mendelian segregation proportions.

The main difference between the two models is the transmission probability, whose determination is more complicated.

To maximize their epidemiological relevance, low-dose challenge experiments should therefore involve challenge doses that reflect transmission probabilities at the upper end of the spectrum.

This adaptation is towards intermediate virulence levels, which balances the productive lifetime of the host (time until AIDS) with the transmission probability per act.

The transmission probability of HIV per sexual act is positively correlated with viral load, thereby providing evidence of the trade-off between transmissibility and virulence.

The impacts of treatment included increased survival by a median of 3 y, reductions in transmission probabilities given contact with an infected partner, and behavior change.

As discussed previously, concurrent STDs increase the transmission probability for HIV infection.

In a non-ideal system, T in the Landauer formula is replaced by the sum of the transmission probabilities for each conduction channel.

If a carbon nanotube is a ballistic conductor, but the contacts are nontransparent, the transmission probability, T, is reduced by back-scattering in the contacts.

The risks and transmission probabilities of sexually transmitted diseases are summarized by act in the table below.