The change has made it much easier for university scientists to branch out with commercial programs.
The other four are university scientists who have received research money from biotechnology companies.
For most university scientists that put an end to the chase, but privately financed research was not affected.
Many universities also have science outreach programs that are dedicated to building relationships between high school students, university scientists, and K-12 teachers.
These embryonic stem cells were isolated for the first time by two groups of university scientists.
Since 1985, the center has supported the work of 200 university scientists and 35 new biotechnology companies have been helped by grants.
It was an audacious idea - at the time most trials were conducted by university scientists.
It should be done, they argue, by university scientists, paid mainly by government.
"I also think it's dumb for university scientists to look down on the general public, as a lot do, I'm afraid."
The university scientist is much like Bohr, with the major motivation being new knowledge.