These information types are called either semi-structured or unstructured data.
Several commercial solutions are available for analyzing and understanding unstructured data for business applications.
Especially when over 80% of mission critical business content is locked in unstructured data.
It works on unstructured data - e-mail messages, news articles, internal reports, transcripts of phone calls and the like.
The idea is also to transfer unstructured data to structured data and vice versa.
This implies the need to store potentially very large, unstructured data objects as just another field in a database record.
Many enterprise search systems integrate structured and unstructured data in their collections.
It is often combined with data from other sources, especially informal or unstructured interviewing.
In both cases there will be a large amount of unstructured data.
It's at this point that the second paradigm, which I'll call collect-and-query, becomes the best way to deal with the mass of unstructured data.