Favors a magnet-school system that would encourage voluntary desegregation of schools.

"Eliminating voluntary desegregation is a big issue these days," Mrs. Moskowitz said after the meeting.

It was tied to a pledge that city sales tax revenues be used for "magnet" school programs aimed at voluntary desegregation.

The district assigned students to create racially balanced schools, then developed strategies like magnet schools to encourage voluntary desegregation.

To encourage the voluntary desegregation, districts started developing magnet schools to draw students to specialized schools all across their districts.

After Judge Russell G. Clark's order, the school system set up a plan of voluntary desegregation to be financed by millions of dollars in taxes.

Officials report that it has already led to voluntary desegregation in most schools.

It relies heavily on "magnet" programs and has resulted in substantial voluntary desegregation in all but one of 32 schools.

She testified that her analysis shows that voluntary desegregation is more effective than court-mandated programs because it generates less "white flight."

Many of the early plans, like that in Cambridge, Mass., were established to promote voluntary racial desegregation.