Reared in Chicago, he was the product of the immigrant, working-class Jewish milieu that was home to a generation of Hyman Kaplans.
It studies its characters and the urban working-class milieu in which they meet, clash and eventually come together with a detached affection.
Much of her work drew on the southern working-class milieu from which she sprang, and she produced powerfully evocative poems remarkable for their painful insights into people's lives.
Its realistic setting, ripped-from-the-headlines story and working-class milieu made it part of a continuum in postwar filmmaking that brought movies out of the studio soundstages and onto the bustling city streets.
Born in a working-class milieu in Newcastle upon Tyne - his father was a firefighter, the family lived above the fire-station - Andy was a geordie through and through.
They were the cinematic counterparts of the "angry young men" of British theater, playwrights who favored social realism and working-class milieus.
And the working-class milieu of "Saturday Night Fever" inspired snobbism.
The characters are unglamorous and belong to a working-class milieu, living in cheap lodgings, frequenting rough bar-rooms.
It is a kind of urban, sung poetry that comes from the exclusively masculine working-class milieu of craftsmen's guilds.
Existing in a working-class milieu reinforced by the still-existing perception of status can create a cocooning effect: it provides a sense of the familiar and the comfortable (in psychological if not financial terms).