Along with sedimentary rocks parts of the basaltic ocean crust were also deformed.
Each volcano is in part the product of melted ocean crust.
Where this occurs, rare slices of ocean crust, known as ophiolites, are preserved on land.
The island is approximately 123 million years old and was formed out of an older ocean crust.
But this very difference means Icelandic crust is not the same as normal ocean crust.
He was best known for his studies on the magnetic properties of ocean crust and their effect on plate tectonics.
This suggests that the lower part of the ocean crust contains a substantial magnetic signature.
He also conducted research on the structure of the ocean crust and the properties of rocks and minerals.
The ocean crust would in effect act as a kind of giant tape recorder of magnetic anomalies over time.
Since the Miocene there has been shortening of the ocean crust absorbed by folding, and thrusting.