Some of the protests were between the liberal and conservative political factions of the island and were not related to the pro-independence movement.

In 1943, when he was 18 years old, he founded a pro-independence movement in his high school, along with some of his friends, in Mayagüez.

For more than four months the state has been shaken by a pro-independence movement that has taken more than 160 lives.

Many pro-independence movements emerged after the break-up of the Russian Empire and fought in the war.

Prominent leaders in the pro-statehood and pro-independence political movements agree with this assessment.

The French could not forgive him for doing business with the pro-independence movement in Algeria.

This led to his active participation in the pro-independence movement.

Prominent leaders in Puerto Rico's pro-independence political movements agreed with this assessment.

They pointed to his repeated references to reunification as reflecting Beijing's concern over the emergence of a pro-independence movement on the island.

In recent weeks, Chinese leaders have swaggered with self-confidence over what they consider a successful intimidation campaign against Taiwan's pro-independence movement.